Background and Objectives: Nowadays the importance of reservoirs management makes the use of gates on the spillways crucial. This causes the change in hydraulic flow over the spillway and the aim of this study is to explore some of these hydraulic changes.Materials and Methods: In this research by using Flow-3D and volume of fluid (VOF method) and k-ε (RNG) turbulence model, chute spillway with ogee crest and flip bucket has been simulated.Results: Additionally investigation on the effects of 4 openings 15%, 30%, 45% and 100% which is done by radial gates, has shown that the increscent of openings causes increscent velocity, depth and cavitation potential on spillways. Also in some openings with low discharge, due to the formation of low discharge which is lower than sweep discharge, formation of flow aggregated on the spillway is possible and the hydraulic effects of this phenomena should be taken into consideRation. Also by simulation of jet trajectory from the flip bucket, results showed low error in length and maximum height of the trajectory.Conclusion: In conclusion, using Flow-3D for prediction of tail water preservation is highly recommended. Eventually, two correlation for the dependency of length of the trajectory, maximum height, flow discharge and opening gate Ratio were presented.

Abstract The Shatta al-Arab River is approximately 200 km long and is formed by the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the city of al-Qarna, 74 km northwest of the port city of Basra in southern Iraq. The river is affected by climate change and frequent rains, it shows the risk of flooding and Overflowing at the riverside. The Shatta al-Arab River Basin in the city of Basra has been faced with floods and devastating consequences. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the spatial risk of river Overflow of the Shatta al-Arab River in the city of Basra, Iraq, using the Geospatial Information System (GIS). GIS was used to estimate and evaluate the location and zoning of the Shatt al-Arab floodplain in Basra using the available data. By identifying the types of land uses around the river, provided a detailed analysis of how they are distributed in different risk areas. The results show that the agricultural landuse due to its large area is more at risk than other uses. The results of this study can have a significant impact on preventing irreparable flood damage in this area.

A physical model of gabion Overflow dams was studied to determine the velocity profile and Reynolds shear stress.Physical tests were done under two different conditions of dam crest, Overflow dams with impermeable and with permeable crests.Instantaneous velocity components over dam crest were measured by an ADV (Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instrument. This instrument is capable of measuring instantaneous velocity components with frequencies up to 25 Hz. Average velocity components and bed shear stress were extracted from ADV measurements. The results of this research show the effect of crest permeability on velocity and Reynolds shear stress. The magnitude of Reynolds sheer stresses, horizontal velocity components, and absolute value of vertical velocity components under the permeable scenario are bigger than those of the impermeable scenario. Velocity distribution over the dam crest is different from the universal logarithmic profile.

Introduction: Iran is facing shortage of water resources due to the climate in which it is located. Since large areas of urban surfaces are Impenetrable streets, the volume of water harvested from these surfaces is significant and can reduce the pressure on water resources and meet a large portion of the non-potable demands, it also prevents the spread of pollution caused by Overflows and backlogs in surface water collection facilities and uneconomic increase of their volumes. Materials and Methods: In this paper, the design of rainwater harvesting system from asphalt surfaces was carried out with the aim of meeting part of the green space demand of Tarbiat Modares University faculty of agriculture, using drone images. For this purpose, available data of 22 years of daily precipitation and 761 aerial images were obtained using DJI Phantom3 Professional drone. Then, the digital elevation map of the case study was prepared and to determine the runoff direction, the basin of the area was carried out in the GIS. Reliability percentage and Overflow Ratios of the tanks were estimated for each level for different tank volumes. Then the optimal volume of each tank was determined using genetic algorithm. Findings: The results showed that due to the topographic status of the faculty street surfaces, the runoff from them could not be collected in one tank, so 4 tanks A, B, C and D with optimized volumes of 6. 15, 3. 46, 1 and 20 cubic meters were considered in different parts of the street surfaces, respectively. Conclusion: With designing rainwater harvesting systems, a significant amount of rainwater can be stored for non-potable consumption.

Progressive Web Apps (PWA) are a new web development paradigm that is being used in a variety of web apps. With this new paradigm, web apps can provide features similar to native apps, blurring the line between websites and native apps. However, new challenges may arise during the development of PWAs. Understanding the issues that developers may encounter while developing PWAs is necessary due to their widespread interest. These issues have not yet been extensively identified and analyzed in the existing research. Therefore, this research aims to fill this knowledge gap by conducting an empirical study of PWA-related questions on Stack Overflow (SO), a well-known website for developers. Our process involves obtaining a list of PWA tags and extracting 8,654 questions related to PWAs from SO. To comprehend the issues being discussed by PWA developers on SO, we use topic modeling. After that, we analyze their characteristics (such as the challenges’ popularity and difficulty). Our research shows that developers encounter eleven challenges, including the Service Worker lifecycle. Our study deepens our understanding of PWA development issues and provides recommendations for researchers, educators, and developers to promote PWA adoption.

Residue Number System (RNS) is a non-weighted number system for integer number arithmetic, which is based on the residues of a number to a certain set of numbers called module set. The main characteristics and advantage of residue number system is reducing carry propagation in calculations. The elimination of carry propagation leads to the possibility of maximizing parallel processing and reducing the delay. Residue number system is mostly fitted for calculations involving addition and multiplication. But some calculations and opeRations such as division, comparison between numbers, sign determination and Overflow detection is complicated. In this paper a method for Overflow detection is proposed for the special moduli set {2n-1, 2n, 2n+1}. This moduli set is favorable because of the ease of calculations in forward and reverse conversions. The proposed method is based on grouping the dynamic range into 22n-2n groups by using the New Chinese Theorem and exploiting the properties of residue differences. Each operand of addition is mapped into a group, then the sum of these groups is compared with the indicator and the Overflow is detected. The proposed method can detect Overflow with less delay comparing to previous methods.

Background and purpose: The current study is a systematic review about information Overflow, that was conducted with the aim of identifying the status of researches conducted in this field, determining research gaps and the components and sub-components of interests, research methodology, and challenges and solutions related to the information Overflow of studies. Materials and methods: A systematic review was carried out using all articles published (until January 2022) in Persian and English indexed in electronic databases. First, the inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined. Then, of the 72 retrieved articles, 20 articles were eligible for analysis. Data were recorded on a checklist based on PRISMA Model. Results: The most frequent components of information Overflow include the followings: the effective factor in creating information Overflow, individual factor, effective instrumental factor in controlling information Overflow, effective environmental factors in solving information Overflow, solutions for adjusting information Overflow, influence of information Overflow on users, and technological infrastructures. The challenges of information Overflow in other countries included disappointment, fatigue, stress, feeling flustered, physical and mental pressure, technological overload, confusion, and regret. The challenges in Iran included organizational limitations, human limitations, reluctance to disclose information, complexity of organizations, unoffical and decentralized organizations (50%). The solutions and suggestions presented in the articles included proper management of information overload, value engineering, information control, information and communication technology skills training, and appropriate architecture. Conclusion: By reviewing the researches on information Overflow, the results were identified in terms of factors affecting information Overflow, existing challenges, and possible solutions. Researchers working in Information Science and Knowledge, software engineers, etc., can be more successful in webbased projects by being aware of the issues raised in this research.

Introduction: Clinical use of the late responses during routine neurophysiological examination has significantly increased the diagnostic yield of the neurophysiological evaluation. The H max to M max Ratio (H/M Ratio) is considered a suitable index for illustrating the level of reflex excitability of the motor pool.Methods: In this study posterior tibial nerve H/M Ratio changes in cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) evaluated. This investigation was carried out in 22 normal subjects aged 40-65 years with mean 52 years, and in 40 patients with CVA aged 42-63 years with mean 57 years.Results: In normal subjects no significant differences were found between the mean values observed between right and left sides. In patients significant increased H/M Ratios in both sides with more in non-plegic leg (P<0.01) were found. The facilitation of Babinsky sign in patients is significantly associated with low H/M Ratios (P=0.003). The H/M Ratio changes were not significantly associated with severity of hemiplegia (P=0.3 for lower extremities, P=0.9 for upper extremities). The H/M Ratio was increased in ischemic lesions (P<0.01), but in intracerebral hemorrhages the soleus H/M Ratio increases in non-plegic side the same as the plegic side.Conclusion: The posterior tibial nerve H/M Ratios are increased in CVA bilaterally due to decreased presynaptic inhibition Ia terminals, thus amplitude of H reflexes increased without increased amplitude of M response.

The method of selection of the study design decides the type of analysis 10 be used. Case-Control studies assess the causes of a particular outcome, comparing a group of individuals who have experienced the outcome under study with a group who have net.Results appear as a two by two table. As these two groups are sampled separately, the rate of the disease in the exposed or unexposed groups can not be calculated. However, the Odds Ratio can be obtained. The Odds Ratio is sometimes referred to as the cross product Ratio.                        Cases                            Controls Exposed            a                                  b Unexposed         c                                  d Odds Ratio (a/b)I (c/d) = ad/bc

Scouring caused by flow from an verflow spillway in a Plunge Pool has been studied. The effects of bed formation on the final depth of scouring is investigated.Tests were conducted for two different flow (namely 0 and 15 L/S), three different falling head (namely 45, 60, and 75 cm), ad four different bed materials (1, 2.75, 7.15, and 11 mm).Results obtained show that the relation provided by Kotulas for estimating the final scouring depth caused by falling jets in a plunge pool is more suitable. Based on statistical analysis a relation for estimating the scouring depth is presented.